Jyotiba Phule (1827–1890) was a pioneering Indian social reformer, thinker, and activist who fought against caste discrimination and gender inequality. Born in Pune, Maharashtra, he challenged oppressive social norms and worked tirelessly to promote education for women and lower-caste communities. Along with his wife, Savitribai Phule, he established one of India’s first schools for girls in 1848.

Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth-Seekers' Society) in 1873 to advocate for social justice, equality, and rational thinking. He also wrote influential works like Gulamgiri (Slavery), critiquing caste oppression. Recognized as Mahatma for his contributions, Jyotiba Phule remains a key figure in India’s social reform movement.